What are the advantages and di

 By recording the name of the creating program, the operating system is able to implement features (such as automatic program invocation when the file is accessed) based on this information. It does add overhead in the operating system and require space in the file descriptor, however.
Some systems automatically open a file when it is referenced for the first time, and close the file when the job terminates. Discuss the advantages
and disadvantages of this scheme as compared to the more traditional one, where the user has to open and close the file explicitly. Answer: Automatic opening and closing of files relieves the user from the invocation of these functions, and thus makes it more convenient to the user; however, it requires more overhead than the case where explicit opening and closing is required