题解 | #识别有效的IP地址和掩码并进行分类统计#

import sys

nums_of_IP = [0 for _ in range(7)]  # 存储不同IP类型的数量


def Mask_ip(address):
    lst = address.split('.')
    if '' in lst:
        return False
    adress_ob=''
    for ad in lst:
        mask_ev=bin(int(ad))[2:].zfill(8)
        adress_ob=adress_ob+mask_ev # 去除前缀
    if '0' not in adress_ob:
        return False
    if '1' not in adress_ob:
        return False
    for index, a in enumerate(adress_ob):
        if a == '0':
            if '1' in adress_ob[index:]:
                return False
            else:
                return True
    return True


def Private_ip(address):
    Ip_lst = list(map(int, address.split('.')))
    if Ip_lst[0] == 10:
        return True
    elif Ip_lst[0] == 172:
        if Ip_lst[1] >= 16 and Ip_lst[1] <= 31:
            return True
    elif Ip_lst[0] == 192:
        if Ip_lst[1] == 168:
            return True
    else:
        return False


def Avaliabe_address(address):
    lst = address.split('.')
    if '' not in lst:
        Ip_lst=list(map(int,lst))
        if Ip_lst[0] < 1 or Ip_lst[0] > 255:
            return False
        else:
            if Ip_lst[1] < 0 or Ip_lst[1] > 255:
                return False
            else:
                if Ip_lst[2] < 0 or Ip_lst[2] > 255:
                    return False
                else:
                    if Ip_lst[3] < 0 or Ip_lst[3] > 255:
                        return False
                    else:
                        return True
    else:
        return False


def Leibie(address):
    Ip_lst = list(map(int, address.split('.')))
    if Ip_lst[0] <= 126:
        return 0
    elif Ip_lst[0] >= 128 and Ip_lst[0] <= 191:
        return 1
    elif Ip_lst[0] >= 192 and Ip_lst[0] <= 223:
        return 2
    elif Ip_lst[0] >= 224 and Ip_lst[0] <= 239:
        return 3
    elif Ip_lst[0] >= 240 and Ip_lst[0] <= 255:
        return 4


while True:
    try:
        ip_address = input().strip().split('~')
        mask = ip_address[1]
        ip = ip_address[0]
        prefix = int(ip.split('.')[0])
        if prefix != 0 and prefix != 127:
            if not Avaliabe_address(ip) or not Mask_ip(mask):
                nums_of_IP[5] += 1
            else:
                if Private_ip(ip) and Mask_ip(mask):
                    nums_of_IP[6] += 1
                typeip = Leibie(ip)
                if typeip == 0 and Mask_ip(mask):
                    nums_of_IP[0] += 1
                elif typeip == 1 and Mask_ip(mask):
                    nums_of_IP[1] += 1
                elif typeip == 2 and Mask_ip(mask):
                    nums_of_IP[2] += 1
                elif typeip == 3 and Mask_ip(mask):
                    nums_of_IP[3] += 1
                elif typeip == 4 and Mask_ip(mask):
                    nums_of_IP[4] += 1

    except:
        lst_final = list(map(str, nums_of_IP))
        print(' '.join(lst_final))
        break