MySQL的安装过程

本人的系统是Manjaro，查询了一下Archwiki发现，很多linux默认的SQL数据库是MariaDB了。同时说，MySQL已经被移到了AUR库里面。

按照Oracle的德行，MySQL的创始人创建了了一个MySQL的分支，MariaDB，如果MySQL闭源，MariaDB可以立刻代替MySQL使用。因此，不难知道MariaDB是完全兼容MySQL的。

不过的话，MySQL很多项目都使用这个，最后决定安装MySQL。

安装MySQL

安装MySQL

sudo pacman -S mysql

安装后的一系列配置

查看安装日志

[2020-04-01T13:29:05+0800] [ALPM-SCRIPTLET] :: You need to initialize the MySQL data directory prior to starting
[2020-04-01T13:29:05+0800] [ALPM-SCRIPTLET]    the service. This can be done with mysqld --initialize command, e.g.:
[2020-04-01T13:29:05+0800] [ALPM-SCRIPTLET]    mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql
[2020-04-01T13:29:05+0800] [ALPM-SCRIPTLET] :: Additionally you should secure your MySQL installation using
[2020-04-01T13:29:05+0800] [ALPM-SCRIPTLET]    mysql_secure_installation command after starting the mysqld service

看到需要初始化 MySQL

执行命令：

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql

初始化MySQL

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql

执行以后马上就报错了。（烦人）

2020-04-01T05:45:51.941236Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010915] [Server] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2020-04-01T05:45:51.941340Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.19) initializing of server in progress as process 75054
2020-04-01T05:45:51.943568Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010457] [Server] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2020-04-01T05:45:51.943574Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013236] [Server] The designated data directory /var/lib/mysql/ is unusable. You can remove all files that the server added to it.
2020-04-01T05:45:51.943645Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
2020-04-01T05:45:51.943786Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /usr/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.19)  Source distribution.

查看 [ERROR] 信息以后发现

The designated data directory /var/lib/mysql/ is unusable. You can remove all files that the server added to it.

好吧，那也只好这样了。sudo su 切换到root账户下面。rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/* 删除里面的文件。打开文件夹cd /后面这样安全写var/lib ，然后删除mysql里面的文件rm -rf mysql/*。后面这样做就算出错，也不至于把系统删了。

再次初始化

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql

出现日志

2020-04-01T05:52:22.017420Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010915] [Server] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2020-04-01T05:52:22.017498Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.19) initializing of server in progress as process 75837
2020-04-01T05:52:39.779289Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: s?2P***skGeq(这是临时密码)

发现，没有[ERROR]开心的很。

启动服务

systemctl start mysqld

没有报错以后就是安装成功了。

初次登录MySQL

重置root密码

1. 登录

   mysql -u root -p
   

   Enter password:

   密码就是上面记录的临时密码：s?2P***skGeq

2. 修改密码

   进入MySQL的shell里面以后，执行命令

   ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root-password';
   

安装mysql可视化界面

mysql有一个叫做workbench的可视化界面，感觉还不错。

sudo pacman -S mysql-workbench

参考源：

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/installing.html