IntelliJ IDEA14.0.3+Maven+SpringMVC+Spring+Hibernate光速构建Java权限管理系统(二)

配置文件篇

--pom.xml、spring的applicationContext.xml、springMVC的dispatcher-servlet.xml以及web.xml文件的基本配置

从这篇博客起不再介绍基本概念，毕竟网上关于各种概念比如pom，spring之类的讲解非常详细。

一、pom.xml

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <spring.version>4.1.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</hibernate.version>
        <jackson.version>2.5.0</jackson.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <!-- junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>-->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 使用SpringMVC需配置 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 关系型数据库整合时需配置 如hibernate jpa等 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- hibernate -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.1-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0.Final</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javassist</groupId>
            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
            <version>3.12.0.GA</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>antlr</groupId>
            <artifactId>antlr</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 二级缓存ehcache -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
            <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- log4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- mysql连接 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.34</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- tomcat-jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.33</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- json -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- aop -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- servlet -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 文件上传 -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

请大家把以上代码复制到pom.xml文件的<project></project>标签内，如果设置了maven自动导包，项目所依赖的jar包就会由开发工具帮我们下载。如果没有设置，我们也可以点击IDEA右侧maven选项卡，然后点击刷新按钮（reimport all maven projects）激活下载。另外，并不是说以上dependency都是必需的，大家可以根据自己需要进行取舍。

二、applicationContext.xml

先给出log4j.properties和jdbc.properties的内容

log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=WARN, stdout, R
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
# Pattern to output the caller's file name and line number.
#log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] (%F:%L) - %m%n
# Print the date in ISO 8601 format
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p %c - %m%n
log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.R.File=example.log
log4j.appender.R.MaxFileSize=100KB
# Keep one backup file
log4j.appender.R.MaxBackupIndex=1
log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%p %t %c - %m%n
# Print only messages of level WARN or above in the package com.foo.
log4j.logger.com.foo=WARN

jdbc.properties

#zouy Tomcat JDBC

jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/work
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = 772052352

#Tomcat JDBC

#hibernate
hibernate.show_sql = true
hibernate.format_sql = true
hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

#hibernate cache

上面代码中jdbc.url填写自己本机的数据库地址或远程数据库地址，而jdbc.username和jdbc.password则填写相应的用于登录数据库的用户名和密码。

至于hibernate cache大家根据需要选择性配置。

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd">
        
        <context:annotation-config/>
        <!--扫描注解包-->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.whut.work" />
        
         <!--配置文件加载 init.properties-->
         <bean id="placeholderConfig" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
         	<property name="locations" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
         </bean>
         <!-- 使用Tomcat JDBC连接(池) -->
         <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource" destroy-method="close">
         	<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
         	<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
         	<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
         	<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
         </bean>
         
         <!-- 配置sessionFactory-->
         <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
         	<property name="packagesToScan">
         		<list>
         			<value>com.whut.work.*.model</value>
         		</list>
         	</property>
         	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
         	<property name="hibernateProperties">
         		<props>
         			<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
                	<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
                	<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
                	<prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop><!-- 使用getCurrentSession()方法，必须配置此属性 -->
         		</props>
         	</property>
         </bean>
</beans>

这里我们用spring来管理hibernate的DataSource和sessionFactory，而hibernate的配置我们使用注解（Annotation）在源代码中进行。

关于这条配置：<context:component-scan base-package="com.whut.work" />，我们在以后项目中建立的基本包结构就是com.whut.work.*。

三、dispatcher-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
       
        <!--扫描注解包 配置这条便可移除 <context:annotation-config/> -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.whut.work" />

        <!--MVC驱动 controller-->
        <mvc:annotation-driven />

        <!--MVC注解-->
        <!--针对注解配置@RequestMapping :
        RequestMappingHandlerMapping 替代了 DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping-->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping " />
       
        <!--视图解析-->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/jsp"/>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        </bean>

        <!--servlet在找页面时，走的是dispatcherServlet路线。找不到的时候会报404
            加上这个默认的servlet时候，servlet在找不到的时候会去找静态的内容。-->
        <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

        <!-- 用于将对象转换为 JSON  转换器-->
        <!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
        <bean id="stringConverter"
              class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
            <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                <list>
                    <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>
                </list>
            </property>
        </bean>
        <bean id="jsonConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
            <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                <list>
                    <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value>
                </list>
            </property>
        </bean>
        <!--RequestMappingHandlerAdapter :
            和上面的RequestMappingHandlerMapping配对使用-->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter ">
            <property name="messageConverters">
                <list>
                    <ref bean="stringConverter" />
                    <ref bean="jsonConverter" />
                </list>
            </property>
        </bean>
	    
</beans>

在之后的web.xml文件中，DispatcherServlet会默认加载[servlet-name]-servlet.xml文件，所以关于springMVC配置文件的命名也可以命名成sping-servlet.xml。

四、web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
		 xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
		 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" 
		 id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
	<display-name>minissh</display-name>
	<welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>login.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>/jsp/index.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>

    <!-- 把 Spring 容器集成到 Web 应用里面 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>
			org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		</listener-class>
	</listener>
	
	<!-- spring配置文件 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>

    <!--DispatcherServlet是前端控制器设计模式的实现，提供Spring Web MVC的集中访问点，而且负责职责的分派，
    而且与Spring IoC容器无缝集成，从而可以获得Spring的所有好处。-->
    <!--DispatcherServlet会默认加载[servlet-name]-servlet.xml文件-->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

    <!--解决springmvc传递给后台的中文数据乱码问题-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

web.xml中对applicationContext.xml和dispatcher-servlet.xml进行了集成，并配置了解决中文乱码问题的filter。
五、补充

我们在上一篇博客的基础上继续截图演示。